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Bakelite is an early polymer, comprised of a phenol-formaldehyde mixture, with Phenol being derived from coal tar, and Formaldehyde derived from methanol. a Cr3+ b Pb4+ c Ti2 d Cu2+. After this final setting of the material it will not be possible to heat and reshape it again. Cvs Glucose Tablets Chocolate Marshmallow, Clayton, in Radioisotope Instruments, 1971. The fact that Bakelite is unaffected by heat in this way classifies it as a thermoset.[5]. This resin is then poured into containers and is left to harden. He first produced a soluble phenol-formaldehyde resin called “Novolak,” which never became a market success. He first produced a soluble phenol-formaldehyde resin called “Novolak,” which never became a market success. Questions 9 to 30: Write the equation for each reaction described. Nine Men's Morris Web Game, What are the two key concepts for this section? Formation of Bakelite follows : (1) Electrophilic substitution followed by condensation. Propose a mechanism for the formation of Melmac. Water molecule is removed in the process. This phenol-formaldehyde resin is a thermosetting polymer. 0000002301 00000 n Some quantity of reaction mixture is taken in a beaker and placed on a white paper towel. (2016). ( Log Out / 

A hard, infusible, and chemically resistant plastic, Bakelite was based on a chemical combination of phenol and formaldehyde (phenol-formaldehyde resin), two compounds that were derived from coal tar and wood alcohol (methanol), respectively, at that time. 4.20. Future developments thus seem to lie in the creation of new markets for a coloured, heat-resistant material intermediate in price between the phenolic and melamine materials. "U�x �fb��� �30�2p�+�����{b���� ��-2p�a0`X��t�[EF��=�A*’���6� �OZ endstream endobj 45 0 obj 100 endobj 10 0 obj << /Type /Page /Parent 7 0 R /Resources 11 0 R /Contents [ 21 0 R 23 0 R 27 0 R 29 0 R 31 0 R 33 0 R 38 0 R 40 0 R ] /MediaBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /CropBox [ 0 0 612 792 ] /Rotate 0 >> endobj 11 0 obj << /ProcSet [ /PDF /Text /ImageC /ImageI ] /Font << /F2 34 0 R /TT2 16 0 R /TT4 12 0 R /TT6 13 0 R /TT8 25 0 R >> /XObject << /Im1 43 0 R >> /ExtGState << /GS1 41 0 R >> /ColorSpace << /Cs5 18 0 R /Cs9 19 0 R >> >> endobj 12 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 121 /Widths [ 250 0 0 0 0 1000 0 0 0 0 0 0 250 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 333 0 0 0 0 500 0 722 667 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 667 0 0 0 611 778 0 0 667 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 500 556 444 556 444 333 500 556 278 0 556 278 833 556 500 556 0 444 389 333 556 0 722 0 500 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /TimesNewRoman,Bold /FontDescriptor 14 0 R >> endobj 13 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 111 /Widths [ 278 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 584 0 0 0 0 0 0 556 0 0 556 0 0 556 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 722 0 0 0 0 722 0 0 0 0 0 0 778 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 556 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /Arial /FontDescriptor 17 0 R >> endobj 14 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 891 /CapHeight 0 /Descent -216 /Flags 34 /FontBBox [ -184 -307 1089 1026 ] /FontName /TimesNewRoman,Bold /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 133 >> endobj 15 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 891 /CapHeight 0 /Descent -216 /Flags 34 /FontBBox [ -167 -307 1009 1007 ] /FontName /TimesNewRoman /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 0 >> endobj 16 0 obj << /Type /Font /Subtype /TrueType /FirstChar 32 /LastChar 122 /Widths [ 250 0 0 0 0 833 0 0 0 0 0 0 250 333 250 0 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 500 0 0 278 0 0 0 0 444 0 722 667 667 722 0 0 0 0 333 0 0 0 889 0 0 556 0 0 0 611 0 0 944 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 444 500 444 500 444 333 500 500 278 0 500 278 778 500 500 500 500 333 389 278 500 500 722 500 500 444 ] /Encoding /WinAnsiEncoding /BaseFont /TimesNewRoman /FontDescriptor 15 0 R >> endobj 17 0 obj << /Type /FontDescriptor /Ascent 905 /CapHeight 0 /Descent -211 /Flags 32 /FontBBox [ -222 -325 1072 1037 ] /FontName /Arial /ItalicAngle 0 /StemV 0 >> endobj 18 0 obj [ /CalRGB << /WhitePoint [ 0.9505 1 1.089 ] /Gamma [ 2.22221 2.22221 2.22221 ] /Matrix [ 0.4124 0.2126 0.0193 0.3576 0.71519 0.1192 0.1805 0.0722 0.9505 ] >> ] endobj 19 0 obj [ /Indexed 18 0 R 255 42 0 R ] endobj 20 0 obj 860 endobj 21 0 obj << /Filter /FlateDecode /Length 20 0 R >> stream

New York: Marshall Cavendish.Elvenkrafte.com. Cutting Trees Without Permission, City Of Bellmead Phone Number, Cells of ________ can shorten contract. So, we can, in general, say that Bakelite is a condensation polymer or a phenolic resin. The blocks were prepared for reflectance measurements by a widely used and standard procedure, namely grinding on a diamond lap to produce a flat, then grinding on two grades (200 and 400) of wet silicon carbide paper until the surface was matt, but scratch free, followed by successive polishing stages with three grades of alumina (5/20, 3/50, and “gamma”) dispersed on wet, Selvyt-covered, brass laps. Afl Round 8 Tips, Which of the following cause blood clotting at a traumatized site? Arc The Lad: Twilight Of The Spirits Pc,

For the moulding compound without hardener the softening and melting lead to a typical continuous reduction of sound velocity. Concept introduction: Bakelite is formed by the acid catalysed synthesis of phenol and formaldehyde molecule. Tv Fan Forum, It is a thermosetting phenol formaldehyde resin, formed from a condensation reaction of phenol with formaldehyde. H�b```e``9 Gungnir Meaning, A 2.00-H inductor carries a steady current of 0.500 A. 0000009599 00000 n Sketch briefly the major developments in marine science since 1900. Sof Sole Athlete Insole, It was developed by the Belgian-American chemist Leo Baekeland in Yonkers, New York, in 1907. Change ), NT Conradie - 19673418 [4], Image: https://www2.chemistry.msu.edu/faculty/reusch/virttxtjml/polymers.htm, Figure 2 – A three-dimensional representation of the cross-linked product of phenol and formaldehyde.

Preparation of bakelite proceeds via reactions. 0000003673 00000 n 0000001870 00000 n The result is a hard and tough material that is unaffected by heat, electricity, water, chemicals, most acids, and has an incredibly wide range of applications. 31.1 - Polystyrene is produced commercially by reaction... Ch. 31.SE - Write the structure of a representative segment of... Ch.