Typhoon Russ Nov 27, 1991. It is also forecast to turn north and then head west after two days toward the Philippines. They can do that because infrared data provides temperature information, and the strongest thunderstorms that reach highest into the atmosphere have the coldest cloud top temperatures. Wind shear occurs when winds at different levels of the atmosphere push against the rotating cylinder of winds, weakening the rotation by pushing it apart at different levels. Super Typhoon Hagibis intensified rapidly over the weekend, with winds that increased from 60 mph at 8 a.m. on Sunday to 160 mph at the same time on Monday, the Weather Channel reported. Wind shear from its interaction with the jet stream gave Neoguri Its messy appearance on satellite imagery. On Nov. 20, the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer or MODIS instrument that flies aboard NASA’s Terra satellite provided a visible image of Tropical Storm Sebastien. NASA analyzed the cloud top temperatures in Tropical Storm Rita using infrared light to determine the strength of the storm. The infrared imagery revealed that the strongest precipitation had become elongated, resembling a frontal system. The storm is expected to stay to the east of Taiwan and affect the northeastern part of the country. Each level needs to be stacked on top each other vertically in order for the storm to maintain strength or intensify. Neoguri brushed Japan, dumping heavy rain over areas waterlogged from Hagibis over a week ago. The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) instrument aboard Suomi NPP provided an infrared image of the storm on Nov. 27 at 0424 UTC (Nov. 26 at 11:24 p.m. EST). NASA launched JPSS-1 in Nov. 2017. NASA-NOAA’s Suomi NPP satellite passed over Tropical Storm Kammuri in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean and found several areas of very strong thunderstorms. Sebastien transitioned from a tropical storm to an extra-tropical storm on Nov. 24. The tropical cyclone season in the Southern Pacific Ocean has kicked off with Tropical Cyclone Rita, and NASA’s Aqua satellite passed over the storm and analyzed it in infrared light for temperature data. The third tropical cyclone, second tropical storm, and the first typhoon of the 2019 Pacific typhoon season, Wutip originated from a low-pressure area on February 16, 2019. Tropical Storm Neoguri brushed through Japan, bringing soaking rain. The areas are expected to see coastal flooding, according to the Weather Channel. MODIS found a large area of powerful thunderstorms circling Rita’s center with cloud top temperatures as cold as or colder than minus 80 degrees Fahrenheit (minus 62.2 Celsius). NASA’s Aqua satellite used infrared light to analyze the strength of storms in Sebastien. The island will likely see both "damaging winds" and "numerous showers and thunderstorms" Monday night and Tuesday as a result of the typhoon, according to a forecast from the NWS. The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) instrument aboard NASA-NOAA’S Suomi NPP provided an infrared and nighttime image of Kammuri on Nov. 28 at 1:39 p.m. EST (1639 UTC) that shows it is consolidating and strengthening.

NASA then provides data to tropical cyclone meteorologists so they can incorporate it in their forecasts. NASA research has found that cloud top temperatures that cold indicate strong storms with the potential to generate heavy rainfall. On Nov. 26 at 10 a.m. EST (1500 UTC/1 a.m. CHST on Nov. 27) The National Weather Service in Tiyan, Guam noted that the “center of Tropical Storm Kammuri was located near latitude 11.4 degrees north and longitude 144.4 degrees east.

In addition, the low-level center of circulation was exposed to outside winds. For updated forecasts, visit:  https://www.weather.gov/gum/. The Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) instrument aboard NOAA-20 provided a visible image of Kammuri on Nov. 26 at 0354 UTC (Nov. 25 at 10:54 p.m. EST) that shows it is consolidating and strengthening. A faster northeastward motion is expected during the next few days. It has coupled with a cold front and is now headed for the United Kingdom. Tropical cyclones are made of up hundreds of thunderstorms and infrared data can show where the strongest storms are located. Sebastien is moving toward the east-northeast near 15 mph (24 kph). Super Typhoon Ponsongwa Pongsonwa slams Guam.